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Battlement
A battlement in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet (i.e. a defensive low wall between chest-height and head-height), in which rectangular gaps or indentations occur at intervals to allow for the discharge of arrows or other missiles from within the defences. These gaps are termed "crenels" (also known as ''carnels'', ''embrasures'', or ''wheelers''), and the act of adding crenels to a previously unbroken parapet is termed crenellation. Thus a defensive building might be designed and built with battlements, or a manor house might be fortified by adding battlements, where no parapet previously existed, or cutting crenellations into its existing parapet wall. The solid widths between the crenels are called merlons (also ''cops'' or ''kneelers''). A wall with battlements is said to be ''crenelated'' or ''embattled''. Battlements on walls have protected walkways (''chemin de ronde'') behind them. On tower or building tops, the (often flat) roof is used as the protected fighting platform.
==Etymology==
The term originated in about the 14th century from the Old French word ''フランス語:batailler'', "to fortify with ''batailles''" (fixed or movable turrets of defence). The word ''crenel'' derives from the ancient French ''cren'' (modern French ''cran''), Latin ''crena'', meaning a notch, mortice or other gap cut out often to receive another element or fixing; see also crenation. The modern French word for crenel is ''créneau'', also used to describe a gap of any kind, for example a parking space at the side of the road between two cars, interval between groups of marching troops or a timeslot in a broadcast.〔Larousse Dictionnaire Lexis de la Langue Française, Paris, 1979; Collins French Dictionary Robert〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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